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 Call
 
  1. A demand by a company to shareholders to pay a further instalment on partly paid shares.
  2. A demand by a bank for the full repayment of a loan when the borrower has failed to meet his/her obligations under the terms of the loan agreement
 Call Date
 The date on which a bond may be redeemed by the issuer before maturity which may be at par or at a higher value. The difference is known as the call premium.
 Call for Delivery
 A demand that the seller of a call will deliver the futures contract at the price specified by that call.
 Call Option
 An option which gives the holder the right but not the obligation to purchase a stated quantity of the underlying instrument (for example shares, indices, commodities etc) at a specified price on or before a given date.
 Call Spread
 The simultaneous purchase (sale) of a call at one exercise price and sale (purchase) of another call at a higher exercise price.
 Call Warrant
 Call Warrants give their owner the right to buy an underlying instrument (e.g. a share), and which would therefore normally be used by an investor who thought the price of the underlying asset was due to rise.
 Candlestick Charts
 Form of technical analysis using candle type charts. Applicable to currency, equity and commodity traders. (see candlestick education section)
 Capital
 Any asset or stock of assets, financial or physical, capable of producing income.
 Capital Asset
 Assets that cannot be readily converted to cash, example: real estate.
 Capital Gain
 When an asset's selling price exceeds its initial purchase price. A realized capital gain when the investment has been sold at a profit.
 Capital Investments
 The money used to purchase fixed assets for a business, such as land, buildings, or machinery. Also, money invested in a business on the understanding that it will be used to purchase permanent assets rather than to cover day-to-day operating expenses.
 Capitalization
 The total amount of debt and equity issued by a company.
 Capitalization Rate
 A discount rate used to find the present value of a series of future cash receipts. Sometimes called discount rate.
 Cash Asset Ratio or Cash Ratio
 liabilities. The cash asset ratio is used to measures the corporations ability to quickly liquidate assets and cover short-term liabilities. The cash asset ratio is typically of interest to short-term creditors. (also called liquidity ratio)
 Cash Basis
 The difference between the cash price of a given commodity and the futures contract.
 Cash Commodity
 The actual physical commodity, also called the spot commodity or actuals.
 Cash Flow Forecast
 An estimate of the timing and amount of a company's inflows and outflows of money measured over a specific period of time.
 Cash Market
 A market where cash is used as the commodity.
 CBOE
 Chicago Board Options Exchange.
 C.F.T.C.
 Commodity Futures Trading Commission
 Chaikin Oscillator
 See Volume Accumulation Oscillator
 Chattel
 A reference for personal property other than interests in land.
 Clearing House
 An adjunct to a futures exchange through which transactions executed on the floor of the exchange are settled, using a process of matching purchases and sales. A clearing organization is also charged with the proper conduct of delivery procedures and the adequate financing of the entire operation. Sometimes also called the Clearing Association.
 Clearing Member
 A member of the Clearing House. Each Clearing Member must also be a member of the Exchange. Each member of the exchange, however, need not be a member of the clearing association. If he is not, all of his trades must be registered with, and eventually settled through, a Clearing Member.
 Clearing Price
 The settlement price.
 Close
 The last price of an issue in the trading day which is often used in technical analysis formulas.
 Closing price
 The price recorded in trading that takes place in the final moments of a day’s trade officially designated as the "close."
 CME
 The Chicago Mercantile Exchange.
 Collateral
 An asset that is used to secure a loan.
 Commission
 Fees paid to a broker for the execution of an order.
 Commission House
 A firm that specializes in executing buying and selling orders for customers in spot and/or futures markets for a commission and does not itself deal in futures or actuals.
 Commodity
 Any product traded on a commodity exchange. Examples include agricultural products, foreign currencies, metals, oil and financial instruments.
 Commodity Channel Index
 The Commodity Channel Index, CCI, was designed to identify the beginning and the end of commodity market cycles by Donald Lambert. It has also proven effective for other markets. CCI compares the current mean price with the average mean price over a period of usually 20 days. See Report.
 Common Share
 Common share capital can be referred to as venture or risk capital. Common shareholders stand the highest risk of losing all or part of their investment in the event of company being disolved. This position is resulting from the fact that company's creditors, bond holders, and preferred shareholders have prior rights to dividends and assets of the company. The majority of shares traded on exchanges are common shares. The stock quotes typically refer to common shares, unless a specific label is appended to the stock symbol.
 Company Name
 The name of the organization that issued the security.
 Competitive Advantage
 The strategies, skills, resources, features or knowledge that differentiate a business from its competitors.
 Composite
 is an index/average which is a combination of other indexes or averages (not to be mistaken for an average of stocks). For example: Dow Jones Composite which is a composite of the industrial, transportation, and utility averages.
 Conditional Buyer
 The buyer in a conditional sale agreement, the other party in the conditional sale agreement would be called the conditional seller.
 Conditional Sale
 A type of agreement to sell whereby the seller will retain title to the goods sold and will deliver when full payment has been made. The parties in this agreement are referred to as the conditional buyer and conditional seller.
 Conditional Sale Agreement
 The agreement entered into between a conditional buyer and a conditional seller which setts out the terms (payment schedule, etc..) under which the goods will change hands.
 Conditional Seller
 The seller (of goods/services/etc..) in a conditional sale agreement, the other party in the conditional sale agreement would be called the conditional buyer.
 Confidentiality Agreement
 Tthe legal document whereby the prospective investor signs to keep confidential and to return on request all information provided by the entrepreneur seeking funding.
 Consolidation (congestion period)
 A pause that allows participants in a market to reevaluate the market which sets the stage for the next price move.
 Contract
 A formal written statement of the rights and obligations for each party in a transaction.
 Cover
 Purchasing or selling an opposite position to liquidate a position.
 Convergence
 The coming together of prices and/or indicators (a > formation).
 Convertible Debenture
 Debt instruments that are convertible into common or preferred shares. These debt notes take secondary or no security against assets and have flexible terms of repayment and interest rates.
 Convertibles
 Securities (bonds or preferred shares) that are exchangeable at the option of the holder for common shares.
 Core Fund
 Core funds mutual fund that take a middle of the road approach to generate returns for shareholders of the core fund. These funds are generally structured in two ways. One strategy is to combine stocks and bonds (and possible income trusts) into a single fund to achieve a steady return and improved asset allocation. The other approach is to combine growth stocks and value stocks to diversify the risk from the typical ups and downs or markets. This type of fund can also be called a blend fund since it can show characteristics of a pure growth fund or a pure value fund. Either way, a core fund is focused to producing long term results. Core funds are also often referred to as a small/medium/large cap core fund. The small/medium/large cap refers to the type of company that is included in the fund. This is actually a small/medium/large market capitalization core fund.
 Coupon
 The interest rate paid on a bond issue. Quoted in percentage terms. Can be a fixed or floating rate.
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